An adenoidectomy is a surgical procedure, mainly performed in children, to remove the adenoid glands. The adenoids are small lumps of tissue-like structures behind the nose and at the back of the throat. Parents whose kids need an adenoidectomy must know as much as possible about the procedure and what to expect afterward. This article answers many common questions about the topic, from preparing the child for surgery to recovery.

What is an adenoidectomy?
Adenoids are tiny lymphoid tissues at the back of the nose, just above the roof of the mouth. They form a part of the body’s immune system that helps filter bacteria and other particles entering the nose. However, in some cases, adenoids can enlarge and block airflow through the nose, leading to difficulty breathing, sleep apnea, and recurrent ear infections. It is generally seen in children between the ages of one and seven. In such cases, surgery may be essential to remove the glands and manage the symptoms. After this procedure, the child’s breathing improves significantly. In many cases, the treatment might be unnecessary as the adenoids begin to shrink on their own after age seven.

How to prepare for it?
Parents must visit a pediatrician to ensure their child is in good health and ready for surgery. The doctor will likely perform a physical exam and recommend a blood test or X-ray. If the child is adequately healthy, it is time to start preparing. Parents should pay close attention to the surgeon’s instructions and have questions answered in advance. On the day of surgery, it is best to arrive early at the hospital or health center to complete the paperwork and get the child settled in.

How is the surgery performed?
An ENT surgeon first administers general anesthesia, ensuring the child is asleep and pain-free. They then place a small instrument called a retractor into the patient’s mouth to keep it open. This is followed by electrocautery or coblation to remove the adenoid glands carefully. The surgery itself is relatively straightforward and should take around 30 minutes. Once done, the child is taken to a recovery room, where doctors closely monitor them until they regain consciousness.

What happens after an adenoidectomy?
Following the procedure, children are usually kept under observation overnight. If everything goes fine, parents can take their little ones home, where they must rest for a few days. Sufficient rest helps kids bounce back faster. The recovery involves a few days of mild pain and discomfort, followed by a healing period (the adenoid area heals on its own). Everything should return to normal within a week, with no long-term side effects.

Are there any risks and complications?
When considering an adenoidectomy, one must know the risks and complications. While complications occur in only a few exceptional cases, it is best to consult a doctor if the patient experiences symptoms like fever, neck pain, vomiting, blood dripping out of the nose, and redness or swelling around the incision site.

How to care for children after an adenoidectomy?
Parents must ensure their kids drink plenty of liquids. It keeps the throat moist, prevents dehydration, and reduces discomfort and pain. Children must also be given soft foods that are easy to swallow, and anything spicy or acidic must be avoided as they may irritate the throat.